✦   The Revelation of Saint John the Divine   ✦   Chapters II & III   ✦   Asia Minor, c. XCVI A.D.   ✦
Revelation ii–iii Asia Minor The Seven Congregations
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The Seven Churches
of Asia

Being a Full Account of the Seven Letters Sent by Our Lord
to the Seven Congregations of the Province of Asia Minor

Revelation II:I — III:XXII  ·  c. AD XCVI  ·  The Island of Patmos

A Pilgrimage of Seven Cities

Walk Where the First
Churches Stood

All seven cities of the letters lie within the western coastal provinces of modern Turkey — ancient Asia Minor — and all may be visited in the course of a single week's pilgrimage. Some sites, such as Ephesus, are among the finest classical ruins in the world. Others, such as Thyatira, lie beneath busy modern towns with but modest visible remains. All seven speak to the devoted pilgrim.

  • Ephesus — Selçuk
  • Smyrna — İzmir
  • Pergamum — Bergama
  • Thyatira — Akhisar
  • Sardis — Sart
  • Philadelphia — Alaşehir
  • Laodicea — Denizli
Consult the Pilgrimage Guide

Of Practical Note

  • All seven sites are accessible from İzmir within a two-hour journey.
  • The full circuit may be completed in seven to ten days at a comfortable pace.
  • Ephesus and Laodicea offer the most extensive visible ruins.
  • Thyatira and Philadelphia are largely buried beneath modern settlement.
  • The island of Patmos, where John received his vision, lies a short voyage from the coast.
  • Spring and autumn are the most agreeable seasons for travel.
  • Local guides familiar with both history and scripture greatly enrich the journey.
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Journeying to Asia Minor

Direct Flights to Istanbul

Approximate nonstop air travel time to Istanbul, the principal gateway to Turkey, from major cities across North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Oceania — arranged continent by continent from west to east.

Country City of Departure Direct Flight to Istanbul Onward to İzmir
United StatesAtlanta11 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Boston9½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Chicago11 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas12½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Denver12½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Detroit10½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Houston, Texas12 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Los Angeles13½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Miami11½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
New York10 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Newark, New Jersey10 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
San Francisco13½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Seattle12½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Washington, D.C.10½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
CanadaToronto10½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
MexicoMexico City16 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
BrazilSão Paulo13 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
United KingdomLondon4 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Manchester4¼ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
SpainMadrid4½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Barcelona3¾ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
FranceParis3½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
NetherlandsAmsterdam3½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
SwitzerlandGeneva3¼ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Zurich3 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
GermanyFrankfurt3 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
ItalyRome2½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
AustriaVienna2¼ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
South AfricaJohannesburg10½ hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
Cape Town11 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
PhilippinesManila13 hrs (nonstop)+ 2 hrs
AustraliaSydney21 hrs including 1h 45m – Stopover (No connecting flight) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia+ 2 hrs

Figures are approximate averages for scheduled nonstop commercial flights and will vary by airline, routing, and season. "Onward to İzmir" reflects the additional time for the connecting flight and layover in Istanbul. All routes are currently operated by Turkish Airlines unless otherwise noted.

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Straight to the Gateway City

Direct Flights to İzmir

A number of European and British cities offer seasonal or year-round nonstop service directly into İzmir Adnan Menderes Airport (ADB), the customary point of arrival for the seven-city pilgrimage — bypassing Istanbul entirely.

City of Departure Flight to İzmir
London≈ 4 hrs (nonstop)
Manchester≈ 4¼ hrs (nonstop)
Frankfurt≈ 2¾ hrs (nonstop)
Düsseldorf≈ 3 hrs (nonstop)
Amsterdam≈ 3¼ hrs (nonstop)

No nonstop service to İzmir currently operates from the United States or Canada; pilgrims departing from North America connect through Istanbul or another European hub.